Ben Zientara. Courtesy photo.


On March 26, 2025, members of California’s legislature introduced their latest attempt to strip away protections from California residents who have solar panels installed on their home, business, or school, a bill called AB942.  

If enacted, AB942 would alter the deal the state of California promised to early solar adopters, greatly reducing the benefits of solar for nearly 2 million people who already have solar panels installed with utility agreements promising 20 years of savings. 

The bill's sponsor, Assemblymember Lisa Calderon—who was elected while she was a top lobbyist for a utility company—is trying to claw back what the state promised to its residents. 

AB942 should not pass the Legislature, because it would harm the state’s earliest solar owners, force them to use a billing plan their system was not designed for, and set a terrible precedent of the government breaking promises it made to its citizens.

What is proposed in California Bill AB942?

The bill text of AB942, as it was amended on March 25th, would end net metering as of July 1, 2026 for all customer-generators (i.e., solar panel owners) who have had their solar panels for 10 or more years as of that date.

It would also remove net metering protections from any solar installation when the home is sold to a new owner, regardless of whether it has been 10 years since installation.

Introduced by Lisa Calderon, a California State Assembly member and former Edison International employee, the bill claims it will help reduce electricity costs across the state by making solar owners “pay their fair share”. 

The cost savings argument comes from a flawed study of the costs and benefits of rooftop solar panels conducted as part of the California Public Utilities Commission’s 2022 decision that brought about NEM 3.0 and a further analysis by the state’s Public Advocates Office that claims net metering has resulted in over $8.5 billion in excess utility payments by non-solar utility customers.

What are the old rules for net metering?

The state of California established its initial NEM program in 1996 to spur solar adoption. It was slightly revised in 2016 under NEM 2.0 to ensure new solar owners would contribute to important state programs. Both NEM programs were wildly successful, and the state now boasts more than 2 million solar installations. 

These NEM rules promise that anyone who signed up would continue receiving energy credits under the programs for 20 years. That 20-year timeline is tied to the solar installation and not its owner, meaning that anyone who buys a home with solar panels installed under a NEM agreement will continue to receive the promised savings for the full term. 

AB942 seeks to break these promises in the name of electric bill savings, but ignores the millions of bills that would increase because of it.

What will happen if AB942 becomes law?

If AB942 becomes law, around 471,000 solar owners will immediately be kicked off their NEM 1.0 plans on July 1, 2026. All told, there are around 1.78 million solar installations covered under the NEM and NEM 2.0 rules, according to state of California Distributed Generation Statistics (DGstats). Under AB942, solar owners would:

• Be forced to switch to a time of use electricity plan.
• Receive low-value credits for excess solar energy.
• Pay a monthly solar fee.

The vast majority of these solar installations are on single-family homes, and AB942 would significantly raise the energy bills of the families living in them.

The owners of solar panels under NEM 1.0 are currently allowed to take service under the standard residential rate plans available from the utility companies. Their solar systems generate energy over the course of the day, and all of it goes to reducing their cost to use grid power. 

Example based on a typical PG&E customer

Looking at California DGstats, the average installation size for residential systems installed before 2020 was around 5.8 kilowatts DC. SolarReviews analysis shows that these systems likely generate an average of around 9,000 kilowatt-hours per year in Pacific Gas & Electric territory. 

The owner of the solar system will save about 44.5 cents per kilowatt-hour on the E-1 rate plan under their initial NEM contract. At the rate of 9,000 kWh per year, that’s about $4,000 annually, or $333 per month.

If AB942 becomes law, these people will be kicked off of the residential rate plans they’ve been on for years and forced onto the new E-ELEC time of use plan. Under this plan, there is a new monthly fixed charge of $15 per month, rates that change based on the time of day, and greatly reduced compensation for any solar energy sent to the utility grid.

We estimate that the savings for a homeowner with a NEM 1 solar installation would be reduced by around $1,900 per year if they are forced onto the E-ELEC plan. Instead of seeing $4,000 per year in savings, the homeowner would see just $2,100 per year.

To put it another way, a person whose solar installation had been covering their entire electric bill would now see a bill for $158 per month, and that bill would increase with time over the next 10 years. The state had promised that the NEM program would cover these solar owners during those 10 years, and it should not break that promise. 

Final word

Reasonable people can argue whether the CPUC’s NEM 3.0 decision was a bad one or not, but there are certain inarguable facts in this case:

• California state law promised 20 years of coverage under NEM and NEM 2.0.
• The vast majority of solar systems installed under NEM and NEM 2.0 do not include energy storage.
• The NEM 3.0 program was designed to provide NEW SOLAR OWNERS with an incentive to pair their solar installations with energy storage, or face the penalty of lower energy export values. 
• Enacting AB942 would break the promises made by the state of California to its earliest solar adopters, forcing them into a rate plan and a solar compensation scheme that was not designed for the way their systems were installed. 

Passing AB942 would be a complete tragedy, and it should not happen.

Ben Zientara is a writer, researcher, and solar policy analyst who has written about the residential solar industry, the electric grid, and state utility policy since 2013. His early work included leading the team that produced the annual State Solar Power Rankings Report for the Solar Power Rocks website from 2015 to 2020.

KELSEYVILLE, Calif. — Last month, in cooperation with the California Highway Patrol, Lake County Sheriff, Lake County Probation, Kelseyville Fire and many others in the community, Kelseyville High School staged a car accident in front of the school as part of Every 15 Minutes, a program that introduces the real-life consequences of drinking and driving to our students.

Programs like this are designed to turn statistics into a sense of reality for teens who often feel as though they are immune from the tragedies associated with driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Teen brains work differently than those of adults when it comes to decision-making and problem-solving. Adolescent behavior is influenced more by the emotional and reactive part of the brain, called the amygdala (sometimes called the lizard brain), and less by the thoughtful, logical frontal cortex (the last part of the brain to develop).

This is part of why connecting teens to an emotional experience like the Every 15 Minutes program has a greater chance of penetrating their sense of invincibility than quoting statistics, as compelling as the data is.

The Kelseyville High School Every 15 Minutes event was the culmination of months of coordination and planning by dozens of people, from school personnel to law enforcement, student families, and local business owners.

At the beginning of the school year, Principal Mike Jones and Vice Principal Sarah Frazell started meeting at least monthly with the organizing team, choosing the students who would participate and planning how the day would unfold.

They carefully selected students who represented all walks of life at the high school, whose loss would affect a great many people. The team focused not only on the major logistics, but also on the small details that brought the experience to life.

On the day of the event, all high school students were brought outside to witness the staged car accident. Then, a student was pulled from class every 15 minutes and a red rose was left on their desk. The students pulled from class were sequestered in the gym with no access to phones and no contact with the outside world until the following day. They were just … gone.

The staged events of the day were video recorded to tell the story of a senior ditch day where students who left school to get drunk then got behind the wheel and caused a fatal accident.

The video, which can be viewed above, follows each of the students — the driver who just wants to call his mom as he is booked into county jail, the nurses who work furiously to save an accident victim but ultimately fail, the disbelief of students as their friends are taken away in an ambulance or medical helicopter.

The video also follows as the chaplain visits parents at their home or workplace to inform them that their child has died, asking where they would like to send their child’s remains. Even those who planned the event and knew what to expect felt the emotional gut punch.

Tombstones of those who died were installed on the KHS lawn by a retired volunteer for the highway patrol. At the “memorial” the following day, the whole high school gathered in the gym to the music of bagpipes played by a CalFire employee. Students walked past a casket, which had a mirror and reflected their own face back to them as they placed a rose. Students received a program with an agenda and obituaries of the students who “died,” including photos, personal details, and aspirations like “hoped to study nursing” or “wanted to become a computer engineer.”

The video of the staged event was shared, displaying students convincingly play-acting the decision to ditch school and get drunk, the resulting accident, and everything that followed. Letters from students who “died” were read aloud, as were letters from parents to the children they would never see again. Counselors and mental health professionals were available to support students as they took it all in.

Our KHS principal and vice principal, Mike and Sarah, asked me to thank the donors and volunteers who made this possible.

Mike said, “We had so many good people helping, from the lady at REACH making sure we had the insurance stuff right to the county guys who closed the roads, to Store 24 (Mount Konocti Gas and Mart) who let us land the helicopter on their property. The lady from Chapel of the Lakes Mortuary provided the hearse and made sure we knew how much room to allow for the casket. The nurses and doctor at Sutter were great. All those people made it happen. They guided us. They see it in real time all the time.”

Also, this program wouldn’t have been possible without the generous donations of our major financial sponsors, California Highway Patrol and Adventist Health, and the countless donations of time and money from so many others.

The good news is that since the Every 15 Minutes program was established decades ago, alcohol-related vehicle fatalities have dropped to every 39 minutes. While we would like the fatalities to drop a lot more, we know this program makes a difference. The student who played the drunk driver in the KHS program said the experience changed his life forever.

As graduation day approaches and end-of-year celebrations get going, we wish everyone a safe and joyful time.

Dr. Nicki Thomas is superintendent of the Kelseyville Unified School District.

This tribute is published in response to the recent announcement that Forest Service Chief Randy Moore is retiring from the agency.

I had the privilege to meet Randy Moore shortly after his appointment in 2007 to serve as the Pacific Southwestern Regional forester. After shaking his hand and looking him in the eye, I knew he possessed the character, commitment and leadership skills needed to guide the agency through the difficult challenges it faced.

That first meeting at the Region 5 HQ in Vallejo, CA was with a core team of OHV leadership and our partners at the CA State Park Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Division. The discussions were centered on our shared commitment to ecologically-balanced motorized recreation on Forest Service System lands.

After the initial welcomes, Randy opened the meeting by sharing his background and his willingness to meet with OHV and other key stakeholders but that attendees should be aware of what I called Randy’s Rule” and that was, “If you come to my office with a problem, you also need to come with a solution.”

During the course of his tenure as the Regional Forester (2007-2021), the “Trail Community” deeply valued their relationship with Randy and his management team. And, that his door was always open to the recreation community providing your meeting focused on solution-based discussions.

I also appreciated his shared passion for field trips on an ATV or Dirt-Bike where Randy could review some of the important recreation and trail management challenges facing the agency along with solutions being implemented to address those concerns.

Randy should be commended for the collaborative manner that his office and staff conducted themselves during the 2018-2020 intense wildfire seasons to build agency and partnership capacity to address post wildfire recovery efforts of both motorized and non-motorized recreation facilities and areas damaged by wildfires.

I believe that Randy had the right stuff or blend of field level experience, character, administrative and political acumen, and people skills to succeed both as the R5 Regional Forester and Chief of the Forest Service.

I want to thank him for his 45 year career with the Forest Service and for “Caring for the Land and People” along with his strong commitment to working with agency partners in support of managed recreation and resource management of public lands.

I wish him all the best in the next chapter of his life.

Don Amador has been in the trail advocacy and recreation management profession for 35 years. He is president of Quiet Warrior Racing LLC, past president/CEO and current board member of the Post Wildfire OHV Recovery Alliance, and a co-founder and core-team member on FireScape Mendocino, a forest health collaborative that is part of the National Fire Learning Network. Amador served as an AD Driver for the Forest Service North Zone Fire Cache during the 2022, 2023 and 2024 fire seasons. A northwest California native, Amador writes from his home in Cottonwood, California.

I believe it is critically important for the Trump Administration and the Musk-led DOGE effort to find waste, fraud and abuse in the federal government to address this country’s debt crisis. Certainly, one strategy is to review government agencies and programs that may or may not provide an important public benefit.

The Forest Service mission statement is “Caring for the Land and Serving the People.” That important goal has historically been implemented by competent leadership that directs a resource and recreation “boots on the ground” workforce to actively manage forested lands via thinning trees and brush with chainsaws, piling fuels with dozers and excavators, controlled burning, or by employing goats for grazing. Sometimes multiple methods are used in the same area, for example, piling small dead fuels and then burning those piles.

The agency states in a 2023 publication that it manages the largest trail network in the world that has more than 160,000 miles of trails that could circle the globe six and a half times! And, those trails provide vast opportunities for visitors to connect with nature via a hike, mountain-bike, ATV, dirt-bike, SxS, dual-sport or adventure motorcycle, 4WD, e-bike, horseback, snowmobile, snowshoe and more.

The recent data also shows increasing numbers of people are seeking out National Forest System trails. In addition, it states those trails are managed and maintained through the efforts of agency employees, tribes, partners, volunteers, contractors, permittees and communities — collectively known as the “Trail Community.”

I believe the current “probationary or seasonal” layoffs were mistakenly focused on axing the recreation and forestry technician corps composed of lower wage GS 3/4/5 on-the-ground employees and wrongly targeted a key workforce that was — to even the most casual observer - not the obvious source of fiscal bloat.

Rather, the main culprit needing fiscal reform can be found in the Regulatory Compliance Industrial Complex that is composed of D.C or regional-based high level career GS 13/14/15 siloed staff that leaves nothing but crumbs to support mission critical on-site recreation and resource management efforts.

Reformers should also take a hard look at a Forest Service cultural approach that over-emphasizes “too many cooks in the kitchen” with multiple layers of approvals and oversight that reduce effectiveness and efficiency. They should emphasize a strategic and systematic approach — including “directed reassignments” — to reduce even the higher level positions with an objective of getting the right positions placed where they are most needed.

I believe that budget reduction efforts should focus more sharply on bloated high cost regulatory administrative/legal systems that rob scarce funds from a field workforce that provides key services to directly benefit our natural resources, rural economies and the American public.

Don Amador has been in the trail advocacy and recreation management profession for 35 years. He is president of Quiet Warrior Racing LLC, past president/CEO and current board member of the Post Wildfire OHV Recovery Alliance, and a co-founder and core-team member on FireScape Mendocino, a forest health collaborative that is part of the National Fire Learning Network. Amador served as an AD Driver for the Forest Service North Zone Fire Cache during the 2022, 2023 and 2024 fire seasons. A northwest California native, Amador writes from his home in Cottonwood, California.

With failed and broken promises of success and prosperity for our communities, cannabis cultivation in Lake County is at a crossroads.

Recall in 2016, ballot Measure C proposed a tax on cannabis cultivation within our county. The measure promised a tax rate of “ … $1.00 per square foot of an outdoor cultivation site, $2.00 per square foot of a mixed-light cultivation site, and $3.00 per square foot of an indoor cultivation site, subject to annual Consumer Price Index increases, and generating annual revenue of approximately $8 million per average year …”

With these promises, on Nov. 8, 2016, Lake County voters overwhelmingly voted “Yes” on Measure C. So what has happened since then?

In 2018, the county approved a new cannabis ordinance, and the floodgates opened. Permits of all sizes were presented and approved by the Lake County Planning Department and the Planning Commission. Today, more than 150 approved cultivation projects are in Lake County, totaling over 20 million square feet. Based on Measure C’s rates, cannabis should provide over $24 million of annual tax revenue to help our communities.

But the county isn’t realizing $24 million in tax revenue — not even close. After 2020, the cannabis industry began spiraling relentlessly downward — not just in Lake County but statewide and nationwide. In an effort to support the failing industry, in 2022 the Board of Supervisors approved a temporary 50% cannabis tax cut and applied it to the smaller canopy area, further reducing anticipated revenues – this was extended through December 2025. Still, the county should be realizing about $11 million in cannabis tax revenue.

But the county isn’t receiving $11 million in cannabis tax revenue — again, not even close. At the Jan. 28 governance presentation to the Board of Supervisors, Lake County's Administrative Office reported 2023-24 cannabis tax revenue of $2,582,315 — a vast reduction from what was promised by Measure C. Equally concerning is that the expenditures to manage cannabis were $2,517,150 — a difference of barely $65,165.

Now we are at a crossroads. In the county treasurer’s Aug. 27, 2024 report to the Board of Supervisors, active cultivation is down 80%. Many growers opt out, scale back or abandon their sites altogether.

The dream of cannabis-funded success promised by Measure C is gone. As a community we need to be proactive and take a fact-based approach — are we better off placing our limited staff resources in more productive areas?

We request the Board of Supervisors hold a public meeting to address these financial discrepancies, look at the cannabis revenue generated versus the expenses and determine if the county is receiving the return on investment the voters expected.

Also, as 70% of the permits in Lake County are for small cannabis growers — many struggling to make it work — we request a robust discussion on how to restore their prosperity. With another 100 pending small and large cannabis applications in the queue, does the county run the risk of dooming these remaining growers to failure?

Lake County Community Action Project’s founding members are Peter Luchetti, Angela Amaral, Jesse Cude, Holly Harris, Margaux Kambara, Tom Lajcik, Chuck Lamb and Monica Rosenthal.

KELSEYVILLE, Calif. — As adults, we sometimes get jaded and cynical. We become impatient and we don’t take the time to focus on the things that really matter. If you ever need a dose of optimism and a reminder about what life is all about, spend some time with young children.

At our schools, while we are in the process of teaching academics and social skills, it’s amazing how often we see our students demonstrate kindness and compassion. As humans, we all need to feel a sense of belonging to a group of people we care about and that cares about us.

Many years ago, I worked in Oregon where the second grade class included an autistic child; I’ll call him Brendon. If you’ve ever spent time with an autistic child, you know it can be challenging. Like so many conditions, there’s a wide range of intensity, but autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that causes people to process social communication and sensory inputs differently than neurotypical folks. Because of this, Brendon occasionally got overwhelmed and struggled to manage his behavior.

One day, the class had a substitute teacher. She was unfamiliar with Brendon’s needs and didn’t realize how upsetting a change in his routine would be. When she moved quickly from one activity to another, it was too much for him and he started to melt down.

Immediately, four classmates went to him and tried to help him calm down. They let the substitute know Brendon had a hard time with transitions and that he just needed a little time. One student asked for permission to come and get me, since I was the school counselor. By the time I arrived a few minutes later, the kids had already supported Brendon through his episode. They were his protectors and his friends.

Later, the substitute asked me, “How did you train those kids to do that?” I let her know the adults at school had never needed to teach any of Brendon’s classmates to do anything. The kids knew what to do. Our job was simply to create an environment–a class culture – where compassion, patience, and helping others were the norms.

In preparation for this column, I asked Kelseyville educators for examples of kindness and empathy from their students. I immediately received emails that made my heart full. A teacher from Kelseyville Elementary, Heather Villalobos, shared these gems:

A student spent most of their recess time helping another student tie their shoes. When a new student joined our class, another student stuck with them all day to show them around, help them find things, and feel welcome at our school. A student comes into class and starts every morning asking me if there’s anything they could do to help me.

Students often jump into action when they notice a fellow student being left out. I loved this story from Ana Cortez, one of our teachers from Riviera Elementary.

I have a very sweet story. This year we did a white elephant exchange in my class before the break, and I was going over my list of students who didn’t bring a gift yet. One student mumbled to himself that he couldn’t bring a gift, but I was close enough to hear him and another student heard him, too.

That other student came to me at the end of the day and said he wouldn’t mind splitting his gift since he had three clumped together, allowing the other student to participate. I told him that was very kind of him, and to talk to the other student just to make sure he was okay with that. Of course, it all worked out. The student said thank you and we had a great time doing our white elephant exchange.

When I was principal at Mountain Vista Middle School, we did candygram sales. A student helping out in the office noticed that only two students in a specific classroom hadn’t received a candygram and asked if she could include a candygram for each because she didn’t want them to feel left out.

Left to their own devices, usually kids are kind and respectful of one another. As they grow up, they see how adults treat each other and they begin to adjust their behavior accordingly. Our kids are always watching. They’ll copy what they see done. If we want kids to be compassionate and thoughtful, we need to model that behavior.

So, the next time you find yourself tempted to unleash your anger on someone else, whether it’s a driver who cuts you off or someone who shares an opinion you don’t like, imagine how you’d want your child to respond. Do you want them to scream at someone, flip them off, and storm away, or would it be better if they took a deep breath, let it go, and stayed safe? Do you want your children to give people a chance, to ask questions so they understand what’s really going on, or would you rather they simply reject anything that bugs them?

In today’s world, if we want to live in harmony with others, it starts with our children. Let’s help them learn how to handle problems in a way that keeps them safe and emotionally healthy. When we are kind and help each other out, our kids will follow suit.

Dr. Nicki Thomas is superintendent of the Kelseyville Unified School District.